Focusing on the latest developments in the conflict in the Middle East shows complex and challenging dynamics. Since early 2023, a number of significant events have affected the stability of the region. One of the main issues is the increasing tension between Israel and Gaza. After rocket attacks launched by the Hamas group, Israel responded with air strikes that destroyed infrastructure and caused large civilian losses. Meanwhile, in Syria, fighting continues despite attempts at a ceasefire. Fighting between government forces and armed opposition groups continues, especially in the northwest. External factors, such as the involvement of Russia and the US, also complicate the situation. Russia continues its support for the Bashar al-Assad regime, while the US remains in its position of supporting the Kurdish group fighting ISIS. Additionally, the humanitarian crisis is deepening in Yemen, where a civil war has been ongoing since 2014. This year, there have been reports of a significant reduction in humanitarian aid, amid ongoing airstrikes, especially in major cities such as Sana’a and Aden. Fighting between the Houthis and the internationally recognized government continues, despite UN mediation efforts. In Lebanon, the situation is no less complicated, with a severe economic crisis and social tensions. A recent large explosion at the port of Beirut reminded the public of the unresolved emergency. People’s dissatisfaction with a government that is considered corrupt has led to repeated demonstrations. Meanwhile, in a geopolitical context, the normalization of relations between several Arab countries and Israel continues. The 2023s saw the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain strengthen their ties with the signing of a number of economic agreements, although many other Arab countries remained skeptical of Israel. Iran also plays an important role in the dynamic, continuing to expand its influence in Iraq, Syria and Lebanon. Tensions between Iran and the US remain high, especially regarding Iran’s nuclear program. New negotiations regarding the nuclear agreement have resumed, although the results are uncertain. In the context of climate change, the Middle East also faces major challenges. The water crisis increasingly threatens social and economic stability. Countries in the region are starting to realize the importance of cooperation in water resource management and climate change mitigation strategies. In the midst of all this, COVID-19 vaccination is in the spotlight in public health management. Although some countries have achieved high vaccination rates, inequality in vaccine access remains a challenge, especially in countries affected by conflict. Recent developments in the Middle East show that although there is hope for peace and stability, various challenges remain. The complex social, economic and political context requires a comprehensive approach and international cooperation. As time goes by, it is important for countries in the region to find solutions that prioritize dialogue and negotiation for a better future.